Anzac Day Poker Run Sydney 2017
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Anzac Day Poker Run Sydney Australia
Anzac Day History
Anzac Day Meaning

Two original 1915 Australian pennies in a kip (wooden bat) from which they are tossed. The significance of 1915, is it's the year of the Gallipoli campaign which is remembered annually on ANZAC Day

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Australian soldiers playing two-up during World War I at the front near Ypres, 23 December 1917, Australian War Memorial Museum

Painting of 2-up game. Paddington, Sydney. Unknown artist. 1890s

Two-up is a traditional Australian gambling game, involving a designated 'spinner' throwing two coins or pennies into the air. Players bet on whether the coins will fall with both heads (obverse) up, both tails (reverse) up, or with one coin a head and one a tail (known as 'Ewan'). It is traditionally played on Anzac Day in pubs and clubs throughout Australia, in part to mark a shared experience with Diggers through the ages.

The game is traditionally played with pennies – their weight, size, and surface design make them ideal for the game. Weight and size make them stable on the 'kip' and easy to spin in the air. Decimal coins are generally considered to be too small and light and they do not fly as well.^{[citation needed]} The design of pre-1939 pennies had the sovereign's head on the obverse (front) and the reverse was totally covered in writing making the result very easy and quick to see. Pennies now are marked with a white cross on the reverse (Tails) side. Pennies can often be observed being used at games on Anzac Day, as they are brought out specifically for this purpose each year.

2Gameplay

History[edit]

The exact origins of two-up are obscure, but it seems to have evolved from cross and pile, a gambling game involving tossing a single coin into the air and wagering on the result. Two-up was popular amongst poorer English and Irish citizens in the 18th century.In the 1960 film Hell is a City set in Manchester, Lancashire, UK, there is a scene in which robbers use stolen money to join in a gang of local men gathered on a hill behind the town to gamble 'The Toss. Play is one player balancing two pennies on two outstretched fingers and then tossing them high to see how they land. The thrower bets to double the wager and wins by having double heads, tails or a split. Men from the crowd take turns to bet against the last winner. Women and children had to keep away and lookout men with binoculars and whistles sat by upper windows to warn of police arriving.Hell Is a City (1960) - IMDb

The predilection of the convicts for this game was noted as early as 1798 by New South Wales's first judge advocate, as well as the lack of skill involved and the large losses. By the 1850s, the two-coin form was being played on the goldfields of the eastern colonies, and it spread across the country following subsequent gold rushes.

Two-up was played extensively by Australia's soldiers during World War I. Gambling games, to which a blind eye was cast, became a regular part of Anzac Day celebrations for returned soldiers, although two-up was illegal at all other times.

As time passed, increasingly elaborate illegal 'two-up schools' grew around Australia, to the consternation of authorities^{[citation needed]} but with the backing of corrupt police. The legendary Thommo's Two-up School, which operated at various locations in Surry Hills, Sydney from the early years of the 20th century until at least 1979, was one of Australia's first major illegal gambling operations.^[1]

The popularity of two-up declined after the 1950s as more sophisticated forms of gambling like baccarat gained popularity in illegal gaming houses and poker machines (slot machines) were legalised in clubs.

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Legal two-up arrived with its introduction as a table game at the new casino in Hobart in 1973, but is now only offered at Crown Perth and Crown Melbourne. Two-up has also been legalised on Anzac Day, when it is played in Returned Servicemen's League (RSL) clubs and hotels. Several tourist 'two-up schools' in the Outback have also been legalised. Under the NSW Gambling (Two-Up) Act 1998, playing two-up in NSW is not unlawful on Anzac Day.^[2]

Terminology^[3]
Term	Meaning
School	The collective noun for a group of gamblers playing Two-up.
Ring	The area designated for the spinner to spin the coins. The Spinner must stand in the ring to spin, and the coins must land and come to rest within the ring.
Spinner	The person who throws the coins up in the air. The opportunity to be the spinner is offered in turn to gamblers in the school.
Boxer	Person who manages the game and the betting, and does not participate in betting.
Ringkeeper (Ringy)	Person who looks after the coins after each toss (to avoid loss or interference).
Kip	A small piece of wood on which the coins are placed before being tossed. Both coins are placed tails (white cross) up.
Heads	Both coins land with the 'head' side facing up. (Probability 25% (approximately)^[4])
Tails	Both coins land with the 'tails' side facing up. (Probability 25%)
Odding Out	To spin five 'odds' in a row. (Probability 3.125%)
Odds or 'One Them'	One coin lands with the 'head' side up, and the other lands with the 'tails' side up. (Probability 50%)
Come in Spinner	The call given by the boxer when all bets are placed and the coins are now ready to be tossed.
'Barred'	The call when an illegal spin has occurred - the coins were not thrown higher than the head, or did not rotate in the air.
Cockatoo	Only used in the 1800s to late 1930s, due to legalisation of two-up on Anzac Day. It was the nickname of the look-out who warned players of incoming police raids.

The table below show the current bets that can be made at Crown Perth.

Casino Odds
Bet Type	Casino Edge	Payout	Description
Single Head	3.125%	1–1	Spinner spins a pair of heads before a pair of tails or odding out.
Single Tail	3.125%	1–1	Spinner spins a pair of tails

Anzac Day Poker Run Sydney